Japanese researchers are testing a drug (TRG-035) that may allow people to regrow a third set of teeth by blocking the protein USAG-1, which naturally inhibits tooth growth. The drug has shown success in animal trials, and human clinical trials, which began in October 2024, are currently underway to evaluate its safety and effectiveness. If successful, the treatment could become available by 2030 as an alternative to implants and dentures. 

How it works

  • Inhibiting a protein: The drug targets and blocks the USAG-1 protein.
  • Removing a growth blocker: USAG-1 normally acts as a "brake" that prevents new teeth from growing.
  • Activating dormant buds: By blocking USAG-1, the drug effectively removes this brake, allowing dormant "third-generation" tooth buds in the jaw to activate and grow new, natural teeth. 

Current status

  • Human trials: Human clinical trials began in October 2024 at Kyoto University Hospital.
  • Participants: The first phase involves 30 adults who are missing at least one tooth, with researchers monitoring them over an 11-month period.
  • Future plans: If successful, the next phases of trials will focus on children with congenital tooth agenesis (missing teeth from birth).
  • Timeline: The researchers hope the treatment could be available to the public by 2030. 

 


 

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